An Aramaic inscription found at Zerzevan Castle documents the closure of a Mithras temple. This ancient text provides rare written evidence of religious transition in Roman Turkey. The inscription, dating to the third or fourth century AD, mentions both Mithras and Jesus Christ. It also includes references to the Holy Cross, signifying a Christian presence. This discovery adds to other early Christian archaeological finds in present-day Turkey.

Data from the India Meteorological Department showed that cumulative rainfall across the country was 38% below normal until July 1, largely due to the development of El Niño conditions over the Pacific Ocean, which affected the southwest monsoon running from June to September.

Scientists tested spraying seawater onto Arctic ice, which showed promising initial results. The treated ice became thicker and more reflective, resisting summer melting effectively. This method offers an alternative to controversial geoengineering approaches for ice preservation. While promising, researchers note significant challenges for large-scale implementation across the Arctic. Further work is essential before this technique can be considered for broader application.

Space Force recently tested satellite interception capabilities in orbit. Two commercial satellites successfully located and assessed each other during the mission. This exercise demonstrated rapid identification and inspection of other spacecraft. The US Space Force is preparing for potential future conflicts in space. Such missions are becoming crucial for broader defense planning and strategic competition.